National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis 02-15-2008 raster digital data Science \\ebm\homes\data\marine_threats\data\completed\ecosystems\surface_waters\grid\s_waters Science 02-15-2008 s_waters Pelagic surface waters were mapped as the top 60 m of the ocean in all areas deeper than 60 m total depth. Actual depth of this layer can vary from a few meters in turbid water up to 200 m in highly oligotrophic waters (i.e., most of the open ocean) but is commonly shallower in coastal waters where primary productivity (and therefore turbidity) is greater. We used 60 m to be inclusive. The choice of this depth will only affect the distribution of this ecosystem in coastal waters, and this is also where slight inaccuracies may exist due to variation in the quality of the underlying bathymetric data used to map the 60 m depth contour. The water column over shallow (<60 m) locations was excluded because we assumed that the entire shallow water column acts roughly as a single (benthic-associated) ecosystem. What happens in the vast stretches of the world's oceans - both wondrous and worrisome - has too often been out of sight, out of mind. The sea represents the last major scientific frontier on planet earth - a place where expeditions continue to discover not only new species, but even new phyla. The role of these species in the ecosystem, where they sit in the tree of life, and how they respond to environmental changes really do constitute mysteries of the deep. Despite technological advances that now allow people to access, exploit or affect nearly all parts of the ocean, we still understand very little of the ocean's biodiversity and how it is changing under our influence. The goal of the research presented here is to estimate and visualize, for the first time, the global impact humans are having on the ocean's ecosystems. Our analysis, published in Science February 15, 2008, shows that over 40% of the world's oceans are heavily affected by human activities and few if any areas remain untouched. Please see supplimental online materials for more information. en 02-15-2008 publication date Complete As needed REQUIRED: Western-most coordinate of the limit of coverage expressed in longitude. REQUIRED: Eastern-most coordinate of the limit of coverage expressed in longitude. REQUIRED: Northern-most coordinate of the limit of coverage expressed in latitude. REQUIRED: Southern-most coordinate of the limit of coverage expressed in latitude. -0.5000000.500000-0.5000000.500000 REQUIRED: Reference to a formally registered thesaurus or a similar authoritative source of theme keywords. impact marine global modeling global ocean marine current 2007 2008 Data available from NCEAS is distributable (please cite correctly). Please contact before distributing dirived data. For original data, please visit http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/GlobalMarine For distribution of orignal data, please use proper citation. Ben Halpern National Center for Ecological Analysys and Synthesis Assistant Research Scientists mailing and physical address

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Santa Barbara California 93101 USA (805)-892-2531 (805)-892-2510 halpern@nceas.ucsb.edu National Center for Ecologial Analysis and Synthesis Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.2 (Build 3790) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.0.1324 Raster Dataset Raster Grid Cell 1 1 1 1.0000001.0000008Upper LeftFALSENone1matrix valuesFALSE row and column 1.000000 1.000000 National Center for Ecoogical Analysys and Synthesis http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/GlobalMarine Downloadable Data 11.427 11.427 20080213 National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis Colin Ebert GIS Analyst REQUIRED: The mailing and/or physical address for the organization or individual. REQUIRED: The city of the address. REQUIRED: The state or province of the address. REQUIRED: The ZIP or other postal code of the address. 805-892-2500 ebert@nceas.ucsb.edu http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/GlobalMarine/ FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile enhttp://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.htmlESRI Metadata Profile {27C91460-D767-4B71-8803-CEE3EE3ACA42}2008021312274400FALSE20080213153553002008021315355300Metadata imported.C:\DOCUME~1\Ebert\LOCALS~1\Temp\xml96.tmp2008021312274400Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.2 (Build 3790) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.0.1324s_waters-0.50.50.5-0.51ISO 19115 Geographic Information - MetadataDIS_ESRI1.0datasetfile://\\ebm\homes\data\marine_threats\data\completed\ecosystems\surface_waters\grid\s_watersLocal Area Network00211.427Raster Dataset2111unknown11unknown20080213