National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis 02-15-2008 raster digital data Science \\ebm\homes\data\marine_threats\data\completed\ecosystems\intertidal_mud\grid\inttidalmud Science 02-15-2008 inttidalmud Several coastal and intertidal ecosystems currently have no global data on their spatial distribution but are important for understanding the cumulative impact humans are having on the oceans. We included these ecosystems in our cumulative impact model by assuming that rocky intertidal, beach, intertidal mud, suspension-feeding reefs, and salt marsh ecosystems existed in all cells within 1km of shore, and that kelp forest ecosystems exist within all areas <60m deep within their possible range limits (S31). We could not include similar range constraints for salt marshes and suspension-feeding reefs because no published records exist for their global ranges. Consequently, cumulative impact scores for the coastal cells immediately adjacent to the land will likely be overestimated in many cases; we repeated analyses with these ecosystems removed (see below) to test the sensitivity of our results to their inclusion. What happens in the vast stretches of the world's oceans - both wondrous and worrisome - has too often been out of sight, out of mind. The sea represents the last major scientific frontier on planet earth - a place where expeditions continue to discover not only new species, but even new phyla. The role of these species in the ecosystem, where they sit in the tree of life, and how they respond to environmental changes really do constitute mysteries of the deep. Despite technological advances that now allow people to access, exploit or affect nearly all parts of the ocean, we still understand very little of the ocean's biodiversity and how it is changing under our influence. The goal of the research presented here is to estimate and visualize, for the first time, the global impact humans are having on the ocean's ecosystems. Our analysis, published in Science February 15, 2008, shows that over 40% of the world's oceans are heavily affected by human activities and few if any areas remain untouched. Please see supplimental online materials for more information. en 02-15-2008 publication date Complete As needed -180.000000 180.000000 90.000000 -90.000000 -18040095.19613218040134.245271-9020047.3480709020067.372632 REQUIRED: Reference to a formally registered thesaurus or a similar authoritative source of theme keywords. impact marine global modeling global ocean marine current 2007 2008 Data available from NCEAS is distributable (please cite correctly). Please contact before distributing dirived data. For original data, please visit http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/GlobalMarine For distribution of orignal data, please use proper citation. Ben Halpern National Center for Ecological Analysys and Synthesis Assistant Research Scientists mailing and physical address

735 State Street

Santa Barbara California 93101 USA (805)-892-2531 (805)-892-2510 halpern@nceas.ucsb.edu National Center for Ecologial Analysis and Synthesis Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.2 (Build 3790) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.0.1324 Raster Dataset Raster Grid Cell 19305 38610 1 934.478877934.4788778Upper LeftFALSEDefault1matrix valuesFALSE row and column 934.478877 934.478877 meters Mollweide0.0000000.0000000.000000 D_WGS_1984WGS_19846378137.000000298.257224 GCS_WGS_1984WGS_1984_Mollweide National Center for Ecoogical Analysys and Synthesis http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/GlobalMarine Downloadable Data 10.975 10.975 20080213 National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis Colin Ebert GIS Analyst REQUIRED: The mailing and/or physical address for the organization or individual. REQUIRED: The city of the address. REQUIRED: The state or province of the address. REQUIRED: The ZIP or other postal code of the address. 805-892-2500 ebert@nceas.ucsb.edu http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/GlobalMarine/ FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html ESRI Metadata Profile enhttp://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.htmlESRI Metadata Profile {932B4116-3770-43E9-9DFF-311AB5DC3649}2008021312300400FALSE20080213153202002008021315320200Metadata imported.C:\DOCUME~1\Ebert\LOCALS~1\Temp\xml99.tmp2008021312300400Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.2 (Build 3790) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.0.1324inttidalmud-18040095.19613218040134.2452719020067.372632-9020047.348071-18018090-901ISO 19115 Geographic Information - MetadataDIS_ESRI1.0datasetfile://\\ebm\homes\data\marine_threats\data\completed\ecosystems\intertidal_mud\grid\inttidalmudLocal Area Network00210.975Raster DatasetWGS_1984_Mollweide2138610934.4789Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)19305934.4789Meter1 Meter = 1 Meter(s)20080213